Supreme Court Justice Gavai was one of the judges on the Constitution bench that quashed the 2018 electoral bond (EB) case scheme by a judgment on February 15
The Supreme Court Indian Constitution is evidence of the transformation of the governance structure in India from the “order of the Queen” to the “will of the people”, Supreme Court judge Bhushan R Gavai said, as he emphasised that the apex court must act as the custodian of the Constitution and the ultimate arbiter of justice.
“It is the duty of the courts to ensure that the law remains relevant amid shifting societal norms, and when faced with multiple interpretations, the courts opt for the one that best advances the constitutional values. Central to this transformative ethos is the role of the Supreme Court, which has to act as the custodian of the Constitution and the ultimate arbiter of justice,” said the judge.
Justice Gavai, who is in line to become the Chief Justice of India (CJI) in May 2025, on Tuesday delivered a thought-provoking speech at Columbia Law School, reflecting on the transformative journey of the Indian Constitution over the past 75 years when he highlighted the pivotal and transformational role the Constitution has played over the years in ensuring key freedoms to people. Simultaneously, the judge cited the crucial functions of the courts in upholding the cherished values enshrined in the Constitution.
Referring to the recent Supreme Court verdict in the electoral bond (EB) case, the judge specifically emphasised in his speech how crucial it is for democracy to succeed that the voting process adheres to the laws and the ideals of the Constitution.
Justice Gavai said, “In a very recent judgment on the validity of anonymous electoral bonds, the Supreme Court held that disclosure of information on electoral bonds to the voter cannot be restricted on the grounds of the informational privacy of the financial contributions to political parties.” He added that the expansion of the freedom to speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) to include the right to information is a crucial recognition for the citizenry to effectively participate in the elections, which, in turn, is an intrinsic feature of democracy.
The topic of justice Gavai’s lecture, “75 Years of Transformative Constitutionalism,” was divided into three sections. He began by exploring how the Indian Constitution reflected a transformative intent, emphasising its departure from a society marred by inequality and injustice towards one that upholds justice, equality, liberty, and individual dignity.
When justice Gavai assumes CJI’s office in May 2025, he will be just the second member of a Scheduled Caste (SC) to lead the judiciary.
Moving on to legislative commitments, justice Gavai highlighted landmark enactments aimed at upholding constitutional ideals and securing the rights of marginalised communities. From the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act to laws protecting gender rights and child welfare, he illustrated how legislation has been instrumental in advancing social justice.
Justice Gavai concluded by reaffirming the transformative potential of the Indian Constitution and the pivotal role of the judiciary in safeguarding its principles.
